Octet

Octet / Reagents

Sulfuric Acid

Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄) - acid reagent. Strong acid catalyst. Common uses: Fischer esterification, Alcohol dehydration, Nitration (with HNO₃), Sulfonation. Strong acid and dehydrating agent. Use catalytically.

Acid

Reagent details

Name

Sulfuric Acid

Formula

H₂SO₄

Smiles

OS(=O)(=O)O

Category

Acid

Function

Strong acid catalyst

Common Uses

  1. Fischer esterification

  2. Alcohol dehydration

  3. Nitration (with HNO₃)

  4. Sulfonation

Notes

Strong acid and dehydrating agent. Use catalytically.

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Reagents

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DIBAL-H

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H₂/Pd (Catalytic Hydrogenation)

H₂/Pd (Catalytic Hydrogenation) (H₂ + Pd/C) - reducing reagent. Reduction of C=C, C≡C, and some functional groups. Common uses: Alkene → Alkane, Alkyne → Alkane, Nitro → Amine (ArNO₂ → ArNH₂), Benzyl groups removed (hydrogenolysis). Syn addition. Also works w...

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Lindlar Catalyst (Pd/CaCO₃/Pb) - reducing reagent. Partial reduction of alkynes to cis-alkenes. Common uses: Alkyne → cis-Alkene (stops at alkene). Poisoned catalyst - lead prevents over-reduction. Syn addition gives cis product.

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Dissolving Metal (Na/NH₃)

Dissolving Metal (Na/NH₃) (Na + NH₃(l)) - reducing reagent. Reduction of alkynes to trans-alkenes. Common uses: Alkyne → trans-Alkene. Birch reduction conditions. Liquid ammonia at -33°C. Radical mechanism gives trans product.

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