Octet

Octet / Reactions

Friedel-Crafts Acylation

Friedel-Crafts Acylation (Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Aromatic.) Converts c1ccccc1 to c1ccccc1C(=O)C using CH₃COCl, AlCl₃.

Aromatic

Reaction details

Name

Friedel-Crafts Acylation

Type

Aromatic

Subtype

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

Starting Material

c1ccccc1

Product

c1ccccc1C(=O)C

Reagents

  • CH₃COCl

  • AlCl₃

Mechanism
  1. Smiles

    c1ccccc1

    Description

    Benzene

  2. Smiles

    c1ccccc1

    Description

    AlCl₃ + RCOCl → RCO⁺ (acylium ion)

  3. Smiles

    c1ccccc1C(=O)C

    Description

    Acetophenone

Tips

  1. Acylium ion resonance-stabilized → NO rearrangement

  2. Product is deactivated → only monosubstitution

  3. Better control than alkylation

  4. Clemmensen/Wolff-Kishner removes C=O if needed

Related Reactions

  • friedel-crafts-alkylation

  • clemmensen-reduction

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Reactions

Related Content

Source collection

SN2 with Hydroxide

SN2 with Hydroxide (SN2 Substitution.) Converts CCBr to CCO using NaOH, KOH. Conditions: Polar aprotic solvent in DMSO, DMF, or acetone. Stereochemistry: Inversion of configuration (Walden inversion).

Substitution

SN2 with Cyanide

SN2 with Cyanide (SN2 Substitution.) Converts CCI to CC#N using NaCN, KCN. Conditions: Polar aprotic solvent in DMSO or DMF. Stereochemistry: Inversion of configuration.

Substitution

SN1 Solvolysis

SN1 Solvolysis (SN1 Substitution.) Converts CC(C)(C)Br to CC(C)(C)O using H₂O. Conditions: Polar protic solvent, heat in Water or aqueous ethanol. Stereochemistry: Loss of stereocontrol (planar carbocation attacked from either face → racemization if chiral ce...

Substitution

SN2 with Tosylate Leaving Group

SN2 with Tosylate Leaving Group (SN2 Substitution.) Converts CCOS(=O)(=O)c1ccc(C)cc1 to CCN=[N+]=[N-] using NaN₃. Conditions: Polar aprotic solvent.

Substitution

SN2 with Azide

SN2 with Azide (SN2 Substitution.) Converts CCBr to CCN=[N+]=[N-] using NaN₃. Conditions: Polar aprotic solvent.

Substitution

E2 Elimination

E2 Elimination (E2 Elimination.) Converts CC(Br)CC to CC=CC using KOtBu, NaOEt, NaOH (conc.). Conditions: Strong base, heat in t-BuOH or EtOH. Stereochemistry: Anti-periplanar geometry required. E/Z depends on which H is removed..

Elimination

Study guides

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